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saugns v0.4.0b. Small usability tweaks.

Language changes:
 * Allow 'R' without initial line type (default 'cos').
 * Allow 'W' without initial wave type (default 'sin').

Change Makefile install and uninstall targets
to check whether a "share/examples" directory
exists; if not, place the example files under
"share/saugns/examples" (more common on Linux
distros) rather than "share/examples/saugns".

Tweak cli code to use stdout, not stderr, for
-h (help) and -V (version) options.

saugns v0.4.0. Add 'R' random segments generator.

Language changes:
 * Rename generator type 'O' to 'W'.
   [Add backward-compatibility deprecated alias.]
 * Add generator type 'R' (Random segments generator).
   It shares most parameters with type 'W'.
 * Rename sweep subparameter 'r' to 'l' (line fill type).
   [Add backward-compatibility deprecated alias.]

Also, new example scripts actually worth
listening to (much more so than the old).

The design is minimally adjusted in this version;
the main thing is that there's now a full-featured
second audio generator available. More OO redesign
will be done for adding further generator types.

The "N" noise generator in the 2023-01 "mgensys"
version ('old-dev_202301' git branch) is still
left to bring into this main branch/program,
but everything else of value is available,
in a better, more polished program.

saugns v0.3.12. Fixes. New SAU features. Split lib.

On 32-bit x86 systems, fix PM bug: use llrintf() on
phase values meant to wrap around, not lrintf(), to
make large phase values work properly. This audible
2018 bug embarrassingly goes back to saugns v0.3.0.
Didn't affect any 64-bit platform with 64-bit long.

Also fix possible crashes for some odd sample rates
in some cases. and small divergences in the output.
Was due to an unrelated error in time/buffer logic,
which however appeared with the same v0.3.0 change.

Add cli -v verbose option (renaming version to -V).

This change splits out a static library under sau/.

AM/RM and FM.
 * Support lists directly under "a", "f", and "r",
   as in "a[]" (AM/RM) and "f[]", "r[]" (FM).
   Modulators in such lists have the output added
   directly to the parameter value. Can be used
   together with the older value range feature,
   and the effect is then added on top of that.

Script options.
 * Make the "S" options lexically scoped,
   restoring the older values from outside
   a "[]" list when the list is exited.
 * Apply the "S a" amplitude multiplier set
   inside a "[]" list to any modulators which
   follow at the same list level. Previously
   it was only applied to top-level carriers.
   Separate this particular setting at each list
   level, making the multipliers independent,
   except apply it to sublists of the new "a[]"
   variety.
 * Rename "S" option "n" to "f,n".

Ramp syntax.
 * Rename ramp "hold" to "sah" (sample and hold).
 * Rename ramp "sin" back to "cos".

Variable syntax.
 * Add "'name=..." variation of the syntax for
   variable assignment, for assigning a number.
   Variables are now dynamically typed. (The old
   and other value type is reference to object.)
 * Add "$name" expression, for using a variable
   in a numerical expression.

Numerical expressions.
 * In numbers, if a decimal '.' is used, require
   digit(s) after. A trailing 0 can no longer be
   skipped but a leading 0 can still be skipped.
   (E.g. 0, 0.0, and .0 are all fine, 0. isn't.)

Subnames.
 * Modulation with value range now uses e.g.
   "a.r", "f.r", rather than "a,w", "f,w".
 * Frequency-amplified PM uses "p.f", was "p,f".

saugns v0.3.11c. More flexible value ramp usage.

Syntax changes:
 * Add special value for main time 't'
   parameter with literal 'd' in place
   of the '*' feature v0.3.10 removed.
 * Ramp '{...}' and its subparameters:
   - Allow ordinary value, and/or subvalues in "{...}",
     and/or modulator list, in one go, where available.
     They can only be written in that particular order.
   - Add 'v' (start value), as alias for the ordinary
     value before the '{}'; allow use of one of them.

Allow setting just any one subvalue, or any combination,
within '{...}'. Changing goal before old goal is reached
now updates the start/ordinary value to the point reached
on the prior trajectory. What remains of an unexpired time
set for a ramp will now always be the default for its time
until it runs out. And a ramp shape set is kept for any
new updates for the parameter.

Also includes a very small audio generation performance
improvement, and an expansion of symtab code for later.

Add -v verbose option, rename version to -V.
Currently it prints which script is playing.

Update documentation for website move to
<https://sau.frama.io>. (The older pages
redirect to the newer.)

saugns v0.3.11b. Further syntax tweaks. Small fixes.

Syntax changes:
 * For modulation with value range, change delimiters
   between the parts from "Xw,Y[...]" to "X,wY[...]".
 * For frequency-amplified PM, ',' added before 'f['.
 * Allow numerical expressions to omit "*" after ")",
   not only before "(", for shorthand multiplication.

There is no longer any need to sometimes place named
constants in parentheses to separate them from added
"w" or "f" after, as "," is now placed between them.

Reduce rounding error for numbers read from scripts.
Precision improved from a little better than single,
to just below double. Practically, the difference is
small, since output from the parser is still reduced
to single precision after the numerical expressions.

saugns v0.3.11. Fixes, cli features, syntax tweaks & more.

Adjust default time behavior, document lengthening
based on time of nested objects. Some smaller bugs
remain, a further redesign needed. But fix two for
modulation lists combined with timing syntax (file
'devtests/defaulttime3.sau'). Previously durations
could lengthen past the play time based on that in
nested lists; also, for ';'-separated (numberless,
older syntax) sub-steps, gaps mistakenly produced.

This also includes a bugfix for a timing
issue added in v0.3.10b. A one-line bug,
in a new time conversion function (added
close to that release) made longer times
roll over and become too short. (Example
scripts had too short "t"s to catch it.)

Syntax changes:
 * Rename '\' with number to ';' with number. The same use.
 * Newlines in the top scope will no longer end the current
   step, handling now becoming more regular and permissive.
   (Previously, an exception to the rule was new sub-steps,
   allowed on the line after a linebreak. '\' was different
   and not included in that exception. Now top and subscope
   handling is more similar and should be less surprising.)
 * For modulation with value range, change delimiters
   between the parts from "X,Y~[...]" to "Xw,Y[...]".
 * For phase modulation (normal, frequency-amplified)
   remove "+" after "p" and place to set phase value.
 * Ramp '{...}' sub-parameters:
    - Rename 'v' to 'g' (goal).
    - Rename 'c' to 'r' (ramp).
 * Rename ramp 'cos' to 'sin' (sinuous curve). It's
   maybe more intuitive. Also use a new polynomial,
   producing a reasonably high-fidelity sine curve.
 * Numerical expressions:
    - Allow number signs and arithmetic operations
      (full expressions) outside parentheses, with
      any whitespace ending the expression. Undoes
      a change from v0.3.0, restoring old feature.
    - Make '^' right-associative.
    - Add '%' remainder parsed similar to division.
    - Add functions:
       + sin(x), cos(x)
       + rand(), seed(x), time()
       + rint(x)
    - Add constants:
       + mf, pi

Old scripts can be converted to the new syntax
using in part simple search-and-replace steps:
 1. Each old '\' should become ';'.
 2. Each ',' should become 'w,'; if
    there's a new 'w,' before a '~'
    the '~' should be removed, else
    it should be replaced with 'w'.
 3. Each '+[' should become '[' and
    every '+f[' should become 'f['.
 4. Each 'v' inside a '{...}'
    should be changed to 'g'.
 5. For ramp arguments 'cexp', 'clog', etc.,
    replace string with 'rexp', 'rlog', etc.
    Except for 'ccos', which becomes 'rsin'.

A smaller change included is that the 'O f'
and 'S n' default values are now 440. Seems
less awkward than the older, whimsical 444.

Add '--mono' and '--stdout' cli options.
Also support '-o -' audio to stdout with
AU format header. (Unlike WAV, AU always
allows headers without a known length. A
file written with a name (not using '-')
is still written as a WAV file however.)

saugns v0.3.10b. Various fixes. Add freqlinkPM syntax.

Fixes:
 * Audio: The v0.3.9 oscillator produced jagged shapes
   and audible distortion when PM modulator amplitudes
   were large. Fixed but made generation a bit slower.
 * Numerical expressions: Fixed parsing of unary minus
   several times in a row and in combination with "^".
 * Timing syntax: Correct handling of "\" after ";" in
   compound steps for modulator operators. Re-set time
   using the last default value, not the last explicit
   "t" value. Makes implicit time handling consistent.

Syntax changes:
 * Add new "p+f[...]" syntax, for frequency-linked PM.
   Multiplies the amplitude of modulators with carrier
   frequency scaled so that 632.45... Hz has 1.0 gain.
   Based on an idea I remember from 2011, before I got
   normal modulation in order, now seeming worthwhile.

Rework some scripts to show the use of the new syntax.

Clarify documentation a little bit more, regarding FM.

saugns v0.3.10. Timing fixes. Rework timing modifiers.

Changes of a few main varieties:
 1. Fix compound step syntax used with nesting.
 2. Fix some smaller timing-related bugs.
 3. Rework timing modifiers, replace 's' (silence) parameter.
 4. A few smaller syntax removals, and an addition.

Fix a bug (design flaw) from 2011, which limited use
of ';' for timing in a nested structure in a script.

Previously, while scripts with "Osin p+[Osin; ...]"
worked, scripts with "Osin p+[Osin; ... Osin; ...]"
didn't. The bug affected timing, when more than one
object (oscillator) used ';' combined with nesting,
inside or after nesting rather than before nesting.
Now that limitation is gone.

New 'devtests/compnest.sau' script works now but not
with earlier versions. (Note: The fix was backported
all the way down to new "Debug compound..." commit.)

Fixes for '-p' option duration
reporting, and related things.

This is the 3rd year in a row where timing bugs have
been fixed in December-January, for whatever reason.

Syntax changes:
 * Rename timing modifier '\' to '/',
   (reverses change from 2011-07-01).
 * Replace the old silent time padding 's' parameter
   with the new subshift '\' timing modifier, also a
   new feature (add delay only for a next sub-step).
 * Make '|' reset delay to add next step to duration
   rather than add it to delay from prior '/' usage.
 * Remove "default length time" ("t*", literal '*'),
   a so-far never-useful 2011 feature.
 * Remove "delay by previous time" (used to be "\t",
   literal 't'), another 2011 feature.
 * Add phase named constant 'G' for golden angle, scaled
   to cycle percentage, for use in e.g. "p(G*4)" for the
   4th leaf-around-a-stem angle.

Some smaller design changes without change in features.

Make nicer README (now 'README.md'), also clear in plaintext.
Also, rewrite various parts of 'doc/README.SAU', for clarity.

When adjusting scripts to use '\' instead of 's'
(after renaming every '\' to '/') make sure that
the '\' is always before any old 't' that is for
the same (sub-)step. Placement is now important.

As for old '\' followed by '|', swap and write a
'|' before the new '/', to get the old behavior.

saugns v0.3.9. Anti-aliasing. Wave, ramp, math changes. Fixes.

Correct some irregularities in syntax handling
including most noticeably the O 'c' parameter,
now behaving like other parameters (instead of
the last value set to an object on a line with
several objects being applied to all objects).

Rework oscillator for some real anti-aliasing.
Remove old "rounding" from 'sqr', 'saw' waves,
use one level of DPW-like pre-integrated table
for all wave types (and FM, PM) in oscillator.

Extend num. expr. syntax, recognizing built-in
math functions which are now usable as part of
specifying arguments for numerical parameters.

Rework design from an earlier version and peel
off some complexity without functional change.

Correct and expand README on amplitude modulation;
describe ring modulation, also supported using the
AM syntax since early 2011 versions.

Wave types:
 * Rename:
    - 'sha' -> 'ahs' (absolute half-frequency sine).
    - 'szh' -> 'hrs' (half-rectified sine).
    - 'ssr' -> 'srs' (square root of sine).
 * Add:
    - 'ssr' (squared & square root of sine).

Ramp types:
 * Rename:
    - 'esd' -> 'xpe' (eXPonential Envelope).
    - 'lsd' -> 'lge' (LoGarithmic Envelope).
 * Add:
    - 'cos' (cos-like increase or decrease).

Math functions:
 * Add:
    - abs(x)  Absolute value.
    - exp(x)  Base-e exponential value.
    - log(x)  Natural logarithmic value.
    - sqrt(x) Square root.
    - met(x)  Metallic value.

Also add test script for using pre-existing features
to get an "IXA synthesis" sound.

saugns v0.3.8b. Portability, performance, and cli fixes.

OSS on NetBSD: Use /dev/audio, not /dev/sound.

Check for the AUDIODEV environment variable,
using it to override the default device name
regardless of which type (ALSA, OSS, ...) is
used. Similar to handling in other software,
e.g. SoX and SDL. Empty strings are ignored.
Credit to Art Nikpal (@hyphop at GitHub) for
the basic idea, and SoX code as a reference.
Further refactor player/audiodev code a bit.

Change cli argument parsing to allow a flag to be followed
by its argument without a space in-between. Recognize "--"
as meaning no further strings are flags. Uses SAU_getopt()
derived from Christopher Wellons's public domain getopt().

Makefile changes to selectively use -O3.
Following benchmarking (repeated running
of example/ scripts with -m to time it),
this can have a benefit anywhere from no
to more than 42%, depending on compiler,
etc. (It seems to matter more with GCC.)

Move ramp mulbuf use into the fill functions
and adjust more, allowing mulbuf to be NULL.

Change the mempool to use dynamic sizing of memory blocks,
doubling size when the number of blocks exceeds a power of
four. Use 2048 as the start block size. Doesn't change the
performance significantly with my testing which became too
rough for tiny differences or needs larger volumes of use.

saugns v0.3.8. Clean-up redesign. Fix timing bugs.

Most commits near the top, after the renaming to 'saugns',
have been replaced by expanded commits a bit further down.
Superficial stylistic changes have been rolled back a bit,
while the valuable redesign parts have been streamlined in
redone versions.

To make space for expanding list syntax, undocumented '[]'
usage with few effects as a generic subscope is renamed to
'<>'. The latter could be given a real semantics later on.

Furthermore, the
parser has been simplified with a new round of changes and
default time durations in scripts debugged. The design now
looks a bit more like 2020-06 "mgensys", in part. Next up,
preparing to expand language features on a cleaner ground.

Changes the fix for -r 1 hangs. Now data is generated, and
this extreme case also tested within the interpreter code.

saugns v0.3.7c. Rearrange code. Fix hang with -r 1.

Reduce design difference with 2020-06 "mgensys" a bit further;
split "generator" pre-allocation code into prealloc (like a
simpler runalloc), and merge voicegraph into prealloc. Also
rename generator to interp.

Fix hang with the useless, yet allowed, sample rate of 1 Hz
due to 0 samples being generated per "run" call, and time thus
never advancing for the interpreter. Simply end when 0 samples
are filled in the player code.

saugns v0.3.7b. Tweak cli and minor clean-up.

Command-line behavior: Print -p info for each script just prior
to generating audio for it if done, instead of printing for all
before generating for all.

Fix v0.3.6f slip-up in moving changes across branches, which
made the usage notice say "mgensys" instead of "saugns".

Flense generator, simplifying away most "event data"
and using what's allocated at the previous stage.

The code previously in renderer/ is now in player/.

saugns v0.3.7. New channel mixing (panning) syntax.

The old P "keyword" for panning has been replaced.
Note that more changes remain to be done to remove
the old behavior of grouping the parameter setting
for all operators on one line. Place each on a new
line in the meantime to give it its own value.

Syntax changes:
 * Replace panning 'P' keyword with channel mixing parameter
   'c' and 'S c' for default. The scale changes from 0.0-1.0
   left-right to (-1.0) left, 0.0 center, 1.0 right. And the
   letters 'C', 'L', and 'R' become named constants for 0.0,
   (-1.0), and 1.0.

Some additional refactoring is done,
for some more lower-hanging fruit in
ideas from the 2020-06 "mgensys" redesign version.

The commit sequence is expanded a bit further down
for further work toward the redesign
goals, with notes on remaining bugs.

saugns v0.3.6f. Reduce diff for upcoming redesign.

Reduce differences for various smaller modules with
the 2020-06 "mgensys" redesign experiment now in the
"old-dev_202006" branch. Relicense many small modules
permissively (ISC license), while saugns as a whole is
still LGPL'd.

Change default sample rate to 96000 Hz,
undoing the 2012-02-10 change to 44100 Hz.

Change the -h option to list topics
available with -h <topic>. For now,
only other lists are available, the
first built-in help consisting of a
'wave' type list and a 'ramp' list.

Rename "loader/" to "reader/".

Apart from the mentioned changes to
options, should be functionally the
same as v0.3.6e.

saugns v0.3.6e. (Re-tag.) Bugfixes, minor clean-up.

This replaces the hasty v0.3.6e tag. Back to -std=c99,
-pedantic removed, but the warning fixes included.
(The -v version is also now increased.)

Fix crash on opening several files
when only some failed to open.

Fix numerical expression parsing for
several subtractions in a row.

Simplify usage notice, update man page.

(These changes are part of work included
in an experimental redesign, in branches
named beginning with mgs. Far from done,
but will be the basis for new versions.)

saugns v0.3.6e. Use -std=c11. Fix -pedantic clang warnings.

Removes new warnings when building with clang 8.0,
which appeared in previous version
(where -pedantic was added in Makefile).

No functional change.

saugns v0.3.6d. Fix crash in generator. Clean-up changes.

Fix crashes due to wrong-sized allocation in generator.
This bug was added in v0.3.1, and not found for 5 months
because things happened to work on my systems and I've
not received any feedback from users.

Also contains a smattering of clean-up changes.

saugns v0.3.6c. Refactoring.

Split out voicegraph from scriptconv,
add and use mpmemdup for arrtype uses
of memdup. Functionally the same, but
tidier for future redesign.

saugns v0.3.6b. Redesign. Fix v0.3.6 modulator list bug.

Extend the v0.3.4-v0.3.6 redesigns further,
using a common nodelist module for parser
and parseconv output, and moving handling
of specific modulator lists to scriptconv.

Fix v0.3.6 bug introduced when removing ADJCS flag.
Ensure that cleared modulator lists are produced
and set when clearing modulator lists in script.

Add 'devtests/pm-addremaddrem.sau' (which
tests adding and clearing PM modulators).