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The first exercises were solved directly using the online interactive editor. This is handy but in most real life cases you need to be able to use your own installation of Python and execute scripts on your own computer or server. For this reason, some exercises are meant to be answered by creating and testing a script (*i.e.* a file, like `solution.py`) on your computer and then copy and paste its content within the interactive editor on the exercise page.
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To do so you need to learn a few things:
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- Install Python on your computer
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- Know basic Terminal usage
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- Create a script and execute it
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If this seems trivial to you, just do as you're used to, what matters in what's inside your `solution.py` :)
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# Install Python on your computer
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We recommend [Anaconda Python](https://www.anaconda.com/download/), a nice packaging of Python with various packages and configurations added keeping scientific usages in mind. [Download](https://www.anaconda.com/download/) the **Python 3.7 version** installer and launch it on your computer. The default proposed options are ok except that you should refuse to install *Microsoft VS Code* when asked to.
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# Terminal 101
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To launch a Terminal, look for `terminal` in Spotlight. You should see something like this:
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![terminal](https://www.golang-book.com/public/img/guides/osx-terminal.595464232.png)
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Welcome to your computer console ! You can do many things from here:
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- know when we're with `date`
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- know where you're in your computer arborescence with the command `pwd`
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- create a directory with `mkdir`
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- move somewhere with `cd`
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- create a file with `touch`
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- rename a file with `mv`
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- list a directory with `ls`
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```bash
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$ date
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Wed Jan 16 16:16:00 CET 2019
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$ pwd
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/Users/mazr/Downloads
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$ mkdir test
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$ cd test
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$ touch un_fichier.txt
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$ mv un_fichier.txt un_autre.txt
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$ ls
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un_autre.txt
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```
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# Launch and use Python from a Terminal
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Type `python` and press enter. You should see something like this :
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```python
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$ python
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Python 3.7.1 (default, Dec 14 2018, 13:28:58)
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[Clang 4.0.1 (tags/RELEASE_401/final)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on darwin
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Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
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>>>
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```
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Welcome to the Python interpreter ! A nice place to test some python code ! Type `print("Hello")` and press `Return`:
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```python
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>>> print("Hello")
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Hello
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>>> import math
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>>> print(math.pi)
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3.141592653589793
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>>>
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```
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The get to a new line, hit `Ctrl-c`. To leave the interpreter and return to your terminal's console, hit `Ctrl-d`.
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# Create a Python script and execute it from the Terminal
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Install a code editor like [Textmate2](https://macromates.com/download). Open it and create a new file. Write the following lines:
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```python
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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print("Hello World !")
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```
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(The first line is necessary for your computer to know this is a Python script.)
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Save the file as `solution.py` in your Download folder.
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Open a Terminal, go to your *Download* folder and execute your freshly composed Python script:
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```bash
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$ cd Downloads/
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$ python solution.py
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Hello World !
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$
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```
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Congrats ! You're now ready to answer exercises by submitting a file. |
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\ No newline at end of file |